Introduction to ASTM A423 Grade 3 Low Alloy Steel Pipe

ASTM A423 Grade 3 is a low alloy steel pipe designed for use in pressure-bearing components, such as economizers, where corrosion resistance and structural integrity are essential. It includes both seamless and electric resistance welded pipes with minimum wall thicknesses suitable for demanding industrial applications.

Standard Specification: ASTM A423 outlines the requirements for seamless and electrically welded low alloy steel pipes. This grade is commonly used in environments where resistance to corrosion and high strength are required. The pipes are typically available in sizes ranging from 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) to 5 inches (127 mm) in outside diameter, with wall thicknesses between 0.035 inch (0.9 mm) and 0.500 inch (12.7 mm).

Production Process: ASTM A423 Grade 3 pipes can be manufactured using either a seamless or an electric resistance welding process. Seamless pipes may undergo hot or cold working to achieve the desired mechanical properties and dimensional accuracy.

Heat Treatment: To ensure optimal performance, ASTM A423 Grade 3 steel pipes must be normalized or subjected to appropriate heat treatment processes. This helps improve their mechanical properties and structural stability.

Carbon, max 0.06
Manganese 0.70-1.40
Phosphorus 0.020 max
Sulfur, max 0.020
Silicon 0.55 max
Copper 0.25-0.45
Chromium -
Nickel 0.50 max
Molybdenum 0.20 max
Antimony 0.05-0.15
Mechanical Properties
  Grade 3
Tensile strength, min. ksi 55 [380]
Yield strength, min, ksi [MPa] 33 [230]
Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm. min, % 35
For longitudinal strip tests, a deduction of 1.25% per 1/32 in. [0.6 mm] decrease in wall thickness below 5/16 in. [8 mm] from the basic minimum elongation shall be made A
Hardness 170 HB

Calculated elongation requirements should be rounded to the nearest whole number. These properties make ASTM A423 Grade 3 an ideal choice for applications requiring durability, strength, and resistance to harsh environments. Whether in power generation, chemical processing, or other industrial sectors, this material offers reliable performance and long-term value.

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