Mt. Gordon is an old mine in the northwestern part of Queensland province in northeastern Australia. It was originally called Gunpowder . The main Gower Cave Hill copper minerals chalcocite, copper and blue mosaic closely with pyrite chalcopyrite, flotation can not separate the two minerals. The gangue is mainly silicified siltstone .
The average copper grade of the copper ore in the Esperanza mine belonging to the Gorqin Mountain is as high as 8.4% , and it is decided to mine this part of the ore first. The gangue is mainly silicified siltstone. After comparison, it was decided to directly extract the ore from the acidic ferric sulfate solution, and pure oxygen was used as the oxidant. This allows leaching in the autoclave at low pressure and low temperature [1] .
The average composition of the ore is: Cu 7.5%~8.5% , Fe 28% , S 37% , As 0.2% . The mineral composition of copper: 91 % for chalcopyrite, 1% for bauxite, 2% for chalcopyrite, 5% for copper and blue, and 1% for arsenic and copper. The composition of the leachate (g/L): Fe 3+ is 10, Fe 2+ is 35, H 2 S0 4 is 70 , and CuS0 4 is 10 . Maintain oxidation potential 635~640mV . Leaching temperature 80 °C The total pressure is 0.8MPa .
The analysis showed that about 2% to 3% of pyrite was directly oxidized by oxygen. At the same time, a small amount of elemental sulfur is oxidized to sulfuric acid, which is beneficial to reduce acid consumption.
Industrial process
    The industrial process of Golzen is shown in the figure below. This is the first home hydrometallurgical treatment plant pressure acid leaching of copper sulfide ores.
The total volume of each autoclave is 180m 3 ,Effective volume 120m 3 . The kettle is divided into 5 chambers, each with a separate agitating paddle, the lower paddle is a turbine blade, and the upper part is an axially flowing paddle. Since the leaching is an exothermic reaction, the temperature during leaching is from 77~ 80 ° C Rise to 85~ 90 ° C . To control the temperature, a cold raffinate is sprayed into the third chamber. This spray device was installed later. Controlling the temperature facilitates the efficient use of oxygen, which in turn increases the rate of leaching.
Investment and production costs
The factory was completed in July 1998 and was first commissioned with heap leaching ore until December 1999 . In the next 18 months, the production was very stable, reaching the original design of 45000t / a . The equipment and plant of Gaoerhao plant directly invested 44 million US dollars, plus indirect investment (such as start-up costs, design procurement and commissioning costs, etc.) totaled 53.7 million US dollars.
Gore Cave actual production of electrolytic copper 23933t plant over a period of six months from June to December 2001, the consumption of copper ore grade of 8.85% of the 314 000 t. Quite an annual output of 47,866 tons of electrolytic copper, the consumption of copper with a grade of 8.85% of copper is 628,000 tons , and the total recovery of copper is 86% (design 900k ). The sum of $ 682 in copper ore and $ 504 in operating costs is $ 1,186 . [next]

    references
1.Dreisinger D , Richmond G , et al. , ALTA Copper-7 Technical Proceedings , 23 May 2002 , Perth , Australia

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