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Technology System:
Mechanized deep farming. With large and medium-sized tractors, a deep ploughing is performed once a year after harvest. The depth is 25 cm and the thickness of the living soil layer is increased from 10-13 cm to 25 cm or more. The function of “soil reservoir†to contain rain and rain is fully utilized, so that the spring rain can be used. The use of autumn rain has solved the problem of the natural precipitation and corn water demand not being synchronized.
Straw smashed directly to the field. The harvested straw is crushed on the ground with the harvest-2 level corn harvester or straw mill. At this time, the corn straw has a high moisture content and is easily rotted. When the corn straw is deeply ploughed into the soil, the soil organic matter can be effectively increased and fertility can be improved. , enhance soil water retention and fertilizer capacity.
Mechanical repression. According to the soil moisture condition before sowing and after sowing, moderate weight repression is carried out by using an adjustable weight roller type repressor, so that the soil under the virtual reality, mobilize the lower water to the surface movement, improve the emergence rate of corn, ensure that the seedlings are full. According to Li Yuren et al. observations, pre-sowing repression can achieve a suitable compactness (bulk weight from 1.10 to 1.19) in the loose soil (weight density 0.86-0.99), and the dry soil layer thickness decreases from 3-5 cm to 1-2 cm. After 1 day of sowing, the 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm water content of the tillage layer was increased from 9.9% and 15.0% of non-repression to 11.7% and 15.5%, respectively, after 9.9%, 15.0%, 11.3% and 15.5. %. In this way, the emergence period can be 1-3 days in advance, and the emergence rate is greatly increased.
Mechanized sowing. The depth of mechanized sowing, which results in uniform plant spacing, can also shorten the sowing date, improve the uniformity of the corn field, and lay a foundation for high and stable yields.
Other supporting measures. In the cold and high-cold areas, corn mechanized organic dry farming techniques still need to add mechanized mulch film coverage measures, increase fertilizer, the general sale of ammonium kg per acre, or urea 15-25 kg.
The land after water storage and polyfertilization was planted in a gap between ridges and ridges, planted pits, and raised ridges. The section of the planting trench was 33 cm wide, and the raw soil was trapezoidal. The lower base was 33 cm wide and the upper base was 17-20 wide. Centimeters, 14-17 centimeters high, plant species in the ditch, green manure on the ridge.
The mechanized organic dry farming technique of corn is a drought, thin, and rain-fed condition of dry-land corn in a semi-arid and semi-humidly arid region. It has been through a series of mechanized operations, such as deep plowing, straw smashing, field repression, mechanization, and sowing. Application of organic fertilizers, inorganic fertilizers, etc., to improve the utilization of natural precipitation in corn, to achieve dry corn production and increase income and long-term stable production. After many years of research and practice, it has been proved that the introduction of mechanized organic dry farming technology for maize is a successful technique for increasing production and increasing income and continuing high-yield and stable production in the majority of northern cornfields. This technology can be used in the semi-arid or semi-humid drought-prone areas where the average annual temperature is greater than or equal to 8°C, and the annual mature cropping system is used, and it is popularized and applied in areas where corn straw is not used as feed and fuel.